A fruit, slowly

How an apple ripens

Pull the slider and watch one gas rewrite the fruit — from hard and green to soft, sweet, and red.

Ripeness Unripe
Just pickedPeakOverripe
  • Starch turns to sugar

    Stored starch breaks down — the flesh tastes sweet.

  • Green fades to red

    Chlorophyll degrades, letting warm pigments show.

  • Pectin loosens

    The glue between cells weakens — firm goes soft.

  • Acids drop

    Tart organic acids get used up — sharpness eases.

The engine

It all runs on one gas the apple makes itself

Ethylene is a plant hormone. A trace of it switches on the genes that produce more ethylene — a loop that feeds itself. That's why ripening speeds up once it starts, and why a single ripe apple hurries along every fruit in the bowl.

A little ethylene switches on ripening genes which make more ethylene
Slow it

Chill it

Cold air suppresses ethylene production. The fridge buys a ripe apple days, sometimes weeks.

Speed it

Bag it

A paper bag traps the gas around the fruit. Add a banana and it ripens faster still.

Mind it

Separate it

Keep apples away from greens and herbs — the same gas wilts and yellows them early.